Media innovation in low-density territories: Strategies for the sustainability and recovery of local radio stations

Abstract

Local and regional community news media are essential to preserving cultural identity, promoting community engagement, and ensuring the dissemination of information, particularly in low-density territories. However, these outlets face challenges due to financial constraints, technological limitations, and human capital shortages. This study analyses the strategies and practices adopted by local radio stations operating in such contexts, with particular attention to the role of media innovation in enhancing sustainability and competitiveness. Methodologically, the research employs a mixed-methods design combining quantitative data from a structured survey and qualitative insights from document analysis. The empirical work covers radio stations from Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Slovakia, and Croatia. The survey focused on organisational structure, financial models, digital engagement, and professional development needs, while the document analysis explored contextual and regulatory challenges. The results indicate that local radio stations in low-density areas are confronted with ubiquitous financial constraints, restricted technology incorporation, and insufficient professional training. Despite these challenges, innovative responses are emerging. These include community-based funding models, inter-organisational collaboration, and the adoption of digital platforms for content distribution. The findings also reveal gaps in digital literacy among staff, underlining the necessity of targeted training initiatives. The discussion underscores the transformative potential of digital innovation in addressing structural limitations and enhancing audience involvement. Collaborative networks are identified as key to overcoming isolation and fostering the sharing of expertise and resources. In conclusion, while community media in low-density territories face systemic constraints, strategic innovation can significantly enhance their sustainability and relevance. The study recommends increasing financial support mechanisms, fostering digital literacy, strengthening collaborative practices, and investing in technology-driven solutions. These strategies are essential to ensuring that local radio stations continue to serve their communities in low-density territories amidst the evolving digital landscape.