Creer para ver o ver para creer? Consumo de medios y aprobación presidencial en Chile

Authors

  • Arturo Arriagada London School of Economics/Diego Portales University
  • Patricio Navia New York University/Diego Portales University
  • Martin Schuster

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15847/obsOBS412010316

Keywords:

media consumption, presidential approval, mass media

Abstract

Aunque no hay consenso respecto del rol que tienen los medios de comunicación en el buen desarrollo de los procesos políticos, la literatura establece que la información de los medios es fundamental para el funcionamiento de la democracia y la participación política de los ciudadanos. Pero el efecto de los medios puede ser positivo o negativo. Por un lado, los medios facilitan el acceso a información relevante, pero en tanto esa información puede ser sesgada, también pueden atentar contra la calidad de los procesos de deliberación pública. ¿Qué responsabilidad tienen los medios de comunicación en los niveles de aprobación presidencial de la opinión pública? Aquí respondemos a esta pregunta utilizando datos de encuestas realizadas en Chile en 2007 que abordan la aprobación presidencial y el consumo de medios. Evaluamos si el consumo de medios de comunicación afecta las percepciones de las personas hacia el desempeño del gobierno. Encontramos evidencia de que un mayor consumo de medios tiende a reforzar las posturas optimistas y pesimistas de la población hacia el gobierno. Más que determinar sus posturas, el consumo de medios parece profundizar las posiciones ya existentes en determinados grupos de la población. ---- Believe to see or see to believe? Media consumption and presidential approval in Chile There is broad consensus that individuals’ media consumption is related to political knowledge possessed by the people. Although there is no clarity about the direction of causality between that relation. To what extent the media influences individuals’ political perceptions? Or individuals choose which media they want to use on the basis of its existing political interests? Using data from surveys that deal with presidential approval and media consumption in Chile in 2007, we answer this questions. We assessed whether the predisposition of individuals determine their media consumption or whether the media consumption influence the political views of individuals. We found evidence that higher media consumption tends to deepen both optimistic and pessimistic views of the population. Rather than determining positions, the media consumption seems to deepen the existing positions in certain groups.

Author Biographies

Arturo Arriagada, London School of Economics/Diego Portales University

Professor and researcher Communications Faculty, Universidad Diego Portales (Chile). MSc in Media and Communications, London School of Economics and Political Science (UK) PhD student in Sociology, London School of Economics and Political Science (UK).

Patricio Navia, New York University/Diego Portales University

September 2005-Present. New York University. Liberal Studies, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Master Teacher of Global Studies. July 2008-Present. Universidad Diego Portales, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales e Historia. Profesor Asociado; Director, Magíster en Opinión Pública; Director, Observatorio Electoral de Chile.

Martin Schuster

Political Scientist, Diego Portles University

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Published

2010-03-31

How to Cite

Arriagada, A., Navia, P., & Schuster, M. (2010). Creer para ver o ver para creer? Consumo de medios y aprobación presidencial en Chile. Observatorio (OBS*), 4(1). https://doi.org/10.15847/obsOBS412010316

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010)

Section

Articles

License

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