A Ilustração Portuguesa e a cobertura das eleições presidenciais da I República em Portugal

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15847/obsOBS16220222018

Keywords:

Eleições presidenciais, Portugal, I República, cobertura jornalística, análise do discurso

Abstract

Em Portugal, a República foi imposta por uma revolução quando, passados mais de sete séculos de Monarquia, o chefe de Estado passou a ser eleito. Apesar do interesse de que se reveste o estudo do comportamento da imprensa nas eleições para a Presidência, durante a I República Portuguesa (5 de outubro de 1910 a 28 de maio de 1926), trata-se de uma temática ainda não abordada na história do jornalismo português, maioritariamente, interessada em eleições presidenciais recentes. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral contribuir para um maior entendimento deste campo de pesquisa. Para isso, foi analisada a cobertura feita pela Ilustração Portuguesa (1903-1924) combinando uma investigação com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa do discurso das revistas, articulando a deteção, a recolha e a análise dos dados dos dois números anteriores e posteriores às datas de cada eleição. O estudo concluiu que as eleições presidenciais na I República tiveram forte repercussão e um elevado valor como notícia; foram acontecimentos de grande simbolismo político, social e cultural, à semelhança das entronizações nas monarquias; tendo em conta a época e considerando o carácter independente da publicação, as coberturas foram essencialmente descritivas, pouco analíticas e interpretativas; centraram-se na “pessoalização” com forte recurso à fotografia de retrato; o discurso apresentou o desencanto com a I República, em especial, com as dissensões e lutas no campo político, frequentemente violentas; e, em alguns casos, cada eleição presidencial foi enquadrada num discurso voltado para o futuro e sempre elogioso para cada um dos novos chefes de Estado.

Author Biographies

Celiana Azevedo, NOVAFCSH e ICNOVA – Instituto de Comunicação da NOVA

Celiana Azevedo has a PHD and master's degree in Communication Sciences - Study of Media and Journalism at the Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas (UNL). She is graduated in Social Communication - Journalism at the Universidade Federal do Tocantins (Brazil) with equivalence by the Faculdade de Ciências Humanas da Universidade Católica Portuguesa. She is Invited Assistant Professor at the Department of Communication Sciences at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa in the discipline of Media History and Theories of Journalism (FCSH-UNL). She is an integrated researcher from the Instituto de Comunicação da Universidade Nova de Lisboa - ICNOVA; member of the European Communication Research and Education Association - ECREA; and member of the Internatinal Association for Media and communication research - IAMCR . She Published 2 books, 9 book chapters and 8 articles in specialized journals. She received the awards "Melhores Mestres 2012/2013" and "Novos Doutores - Quadro de Honra 2017/2018" from Universidade Nova de Lisboa. She participated in 4 projects as a researcher in the areas of Social Sciences with emphasis in Communication Sciences and the areas of her interest are mainly information and communication technologies, audience, intergenerational solidarity, generations, gerontology, history of journalism and cultural journalism.

Jorge Pedro Sousa, Universidade Fernando Pessoa e ICNOVA – Instituto de Comunicação da NOVA

Jorge Pedro Sousa, graduated in Social Communication - Journalism at the School of Journalism of Porto (Oporto, Portugal, 1992), achieved his PhD degree in Journalism at the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain, 1997), where he also conducted his postdoctoral research (1999/2000). He became a tenured professor at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (2008), in Journalism, and is currently teaching in University Fernando Pessoa (Oporto, Portugal). He has explored the field of journalism and historical analysis of journalistic discourse.

Fátima Lopes Cardoso, Escola Superior de Comunicação Social do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa e ICNOVA – Instituto de Comunicação da NOVA

Doctor in Communication Sciences, specialty Arts and Communication, with a research about Photography in National Press, from Universidade Nova de Lisboa, master in Communication, Culture and Information Technology, from ISCTE, and as a degree in Journalism, from the Escola Superior de Comunicação Social de Lisboa (ESCS), besides journalism professional education in Cenjor, in the areas of writing, photography, television and documentary.

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Published

2022-06-09

How to Cite

Azevedo, C., Sousa, J. P., & Cardoso, F. L. (2022). A Ilustração Portuguesa e a cobertura das eleições presidenciais da I República em Portugal. Observatorio (OBS*), 16(2). https://doi.org/10.15847/obsOBS16220222018

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022)

Section

Articles

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